No. Records Request 1 10 sheldon-jc Searches and records above from: Selected Databases 2 10 sheldon-jc 3 97 bradshaw-ad 4 114 slate 5 3 #3 and #4 6 10 humphries-rn 7 0 pellam-j* 8 3235 birch 9 184 gardner 10 0 #8 and #9 11 52 ite 12 5 #8 and #11 13 15 pelham-j* * 14 26 gardiner-as Record 1 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1972-1975 TI: The reclamation of slate waste. AU: Sheldon-JC SO: Nature-in-Wales. 1975, 14: 3, 160-168; OZ; 4 ref. PY: 1975 LA: English AB: Discusses the extent of dereliction by slate waste tips in N. Wales (>3000 acres in Caernarvonshire alone), and the natural recolonization of tips. Natural recolonization is slow, though Quercus petraea and Acer pseudoplatanus are able to establish themselves on very inhospitable sites. Tree planting experiments by the Forestry Commission with Pines on slate tips are reviewed. Planting in pockets of soil was more successful than planting directly into the shale. More recent planting experiments with Betula pubescens and other broadleaved species are described. In pocket planting with various substrates, a peat-only compost was best for rapid sapling establishment, and a slow-release compound fertilizer (Enmag) was the best nutrient source. The compost is either placed in excavated holes, or is pumped as a slurry into existing holes. Successful establishment of several species has been achieved in slate reclamation schemes by contractors, and also by volunteer labour (school-children). DE: plant-succession; plantations-; mined-land; afforestation-; planting-; METHODOLOGY-; fertilizers-; pines- OD: Quercus-petraea; Acer-pseudoplatanus; Betula-pubescens; Pinus- ID: planting-methods; scree,-stony-sites; soil-treatment-at-planting; 'Enmag'; or-before-establishment; form-and-methods BT: Quercus; Fagaceae; Fagales; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Acer; Aceraceae; Sapindales; Betula; Betulaceae; Pinaceae; Coniferae; gymnosperms CC: KK140; ZZ900 CD: Protection-Forestry; Techniques-and-Methodology PT: Journal-article UD: 950125 AN: 750624463 Record 2 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1972-1975 TI: A review of the sub-species carpatica and tortuosa within the species Betula pubescens Ehrh. AU: Gardiner-AS AD: Merlewood Res. Sta., UK. SO: Transactions,-Botanical-Society-of-Edinburgh. 1972, 41: 4, 451-459; OBD; 17 ref. PY: 1972 LA: English AB: Reviews investigations into the taxonomy of subspecies of B. pubescens, and concludes that subsp. tortuosa and its distinction from subsp. carpatica should be retained, though the presence of the latter in the British flora requires further verification. [Cf. FA 33, 5824]. DE: taxonomy-; forest-trees; broadleaves- OD: Betula-pubescens; Betula- GE: UK- ID: ABetulaceae-(Betula); Betula-pubescens-tortuosa; Betula-pubescens-carpatica BT: trees; woody-plants; Spermatophyta; plants; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Betula; Betulaceae; Fagales; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; ZZ380; KK110; FF020 CD: Forestry-General; Taxonomy-and-Evolution; Silviculture; Plant-Breeding-and-Genetics PT: Journal-article UD: 950124 AN: 730604435 Record 3 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1972-1975 TI: A biometric study of leaf variation in some British birch populations. AU: Gardiner-AS AD: Nature Conservancy, Merlewood Res. Sta., UK. SO: Forestry. 1972, 45: 1, 37-47; 11 ref. PY: 1972 LA: English AB: Two principal component analyses of nine variables of the leaves of the vegetative short shoots were carried out on material of Betula pubescens and B. pendula from 32 localities. The results support the classification adopted at present in British floras. They also indicate that it may be possible in future to identify both the species and geographical origin of unknown samples. DE: variation-; leaves-; taxonomy-; forest-trees; broadleaves- OD: Betula- GE: UK- BT: trees; woody-plants; Spermatophyta; plants; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Betulaceae; Fagales; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: FF020; ZZ380; KK110 CD: Plant-Breeding-and-Genetics; Taxonomy-and-Evolution; Silviculture PT: Journal-article UD: 950124 AN: 721600973 Record 4 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1976-1978 TI: The development of a hydraulic seeding technique for unstable sand slopes. 1. Effects of fertilizers, mulches and stabilizers. AU: Sheldon-JC; Bradshaw-AD AD: Dep. of Bot., Liverpool Univ., Liverpool L69 3BX, UK. SO: Journal-of-Applied-Ecology. 1977, 14: 3, 905-918; 30 ref. PY: 1977 LA: English AB: Hydraulic sowing is used to establish vegetation on steep slopes, but the technique is not reliable. The effects of individual components of the technique on the germination and establishment of grasses and legumes on the sand waste left after china clay extraction were examined. The inclusion of fast-release NPK compound fertilizer in the hydro-sowing mixture (75% perennial ryegrass cv. S23 + 25% white clover cv. S184) at rates >125 kg/ha seriously inhibited germination and establishment, especially of legumes. N and P salts had the most inhibiting effect. The effect was reduced by the application of a mulch, which improved moisture levels around the surface-lying seed and increased germination, especially under dry conditions. Seedling establishment was greater on coarse than on fine sand. Peat mulch at 0.8 t/ha increased establishment more than did the application of most chemical stabilizers. Certain stabilizers actually inhibited germination, increased sand erosion and reduced the benefits of mulching. Seedling establishment was best on N.-facing slopes. The date of sowing and the prevailing weather conditions determined the total establishment and determined which spp. became established. It was concluded that the normal practice should be modified, but that the technique should be flexible to suit the conditions prevalent at sowing. An outline of the components required and the rates of application for the effective hydraulic sowing of sand waste is given. DE: techniques-; sowing-; sand-stabilization; soil-conservation; soil-; stabilization-; mulches-; seed-germination; seedlings-; establishment-; nitrogen-; phosphorus-; application-; grasslands-; soil-types-anthropogenic; responses-; stand-establishment; reclamation-; soil-types; water-conservation GE: UK- ID: hydraulic-sowing; sand-wastes; sowing-method; unstable-slopes; Lolium-perenne-Trifolium-repens; spoil-heap-soils; hydraulic-seeding RN: 7727-37-9; 7723-14-0 BT: Spermatophyta; plants; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: PP400; ZZ900; FF060; PP350; JJ400; PP200; FF000; FF100; JJ800 CD: Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Techniques-and-Methodology; Plant-Physiology-and-Biochemistry; Grasslands-and-Rangelands; Soil-Morphology,-Formation-and-Classification; Water-Resources-General; Plants-of-Economic-Importance-General; Plant-Production; Soil-Water-Management PT: Journal-article IS: 0021-8901 UD: 950127 AN: 780765009 Record 5 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1976-1978 TI: The establishment of woody plants on derelict land. AU: Humphries-RN; Bradshaw-AD AD: Department of Applied Biology, Cambridge University, UK. SO: Scientific-Horticulture,-Canterbury. 1977, 29: 1, 23-33; 12 ref. PY: 1977 LA: English AB: Tables are presented indicating (1) the woody species colonizing coal shale tips, slate waste tips, limestone quarry floors, Solvay chemical waste and metaliferous mine spoils (2) the unfavourable properties of these materials, and also of alkali-lime waste and pulverized fuel ash (3) the effect of various ameliorating practices and amendments on plant performance on these materials (4) the range of tolerance of 41 woody species with regard to fertility, pH and moisture conditions of the soil and to climate. The importance of planting technique is emphasized. The capability now exists for planting trees in areas (eg. limestone quarries, slate waste tips) formerly regarded as unsuitable. DE: reclamation-; soil-types-anthropogenic; trees-; regions-; land-types; derelict-land; woody-plants; landscaping-; spoil-banks; afforestation-; ornamental-plants; ornamental-woody-plants GE: UK- ID: spoil-heap-soils BT: woody-plants; Spermatophyta; plants; ornamental-plants; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: UU670; KK100; PP400; JJ800; FF020; KK140 CD: Gardening,-Landscaping-and-Landscapes; Forestry-General; Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Soil-Water-Management; Plant-Breeding-and-Genetics; Protection-Forestry PT: Journal-article UD: 950127 AN: 781940273 Record 6 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1976-1978 TI: Stem anatomy and sheathing mycorrhizas in the Betula verrucosa-Amanita muscaria relationship. AU: Mason-PA; Pelham-J; Last-FT AD: Inst. of Terrestrial Ecol., Penicuik, Midlothian, UK. SO: Nature,-UK. 1977, 265: 5592, 334-335; 8 ref. PY: 1977 LA: English AB: Seedlings of B. verrucosa [B. pendula], growing axenically on solidified Ingestad's medium, were inoculated at 10 days old with isolates of A. muscaria obtained from 2 sites in Scotland. Mycorrhiza formed after 4 weeks. Stem diameters 8 weeks after inoculation had increased by 22 and 31% respectively. Epidermal layers increased in width by 400-500% and those of vascular tissues by 6-18%. Secondary thickening of the xylem was more uniform, cortical cells were larger and more rounded with conspicuous intercellular spaces, bark and lenticel development were relatively advanced, and starch content of phloem parenchyma and pith increased. It is concluded that the advantages conferred on young trees by these morphological changes possibly facilitate tree establishment in 'stress conditions', not only increasing quality and quantity of yield, but also possibly aiding the ability of the tree to withstand exposure. ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT: When 10-day-old seedlings of birch (B. verrucosa), growing axenically on modified Ingestad's medium solidified with 1% agar, were inoculated with 2 isolates of A. muscaria stem diameters were increased by 22 and 31% when assessed 8 weeks later. Inoculation resulted in the formation of mycorrhizas within 4 weeks and increased widths of epidermal layers by 400 - 500%. Alterations induced in tissues included more uniform secondary thickening of the xylem, larger and more rounded cortical cells with conspicuous intercellular spaces, more advanced bark development, and increased starch content of phloem parenchyma and pith. These changes appear to be related to improved gaseous exchange and structural properties which increase quality and quantity of timber, and may aid the tree to withstand adverse conditions. DE: mycorrhizas-; stems-; mycorrhizal-fungi; broadleaves- OD: Betula-pendula; Amanita-muscaria; fungi-; BETULA- GE: UK- ID: growth-and-development; birch; forming-mycorrhiza; anatomical-changes; Betula-verrucosa; CPA BT: fungi; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Betula; Betulaceae; Fagales; Amanita; Agaricales; Basidiomycotina; Eumycota; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; FF400; JJ100; JJ000 CD: Forestry-General; Mycorrhizas-and-Fungi-of-Economic-Importance-Symbiotic-Nitrogen-Fixation; Soil-Biology; Soil-Science PT: Journal-article UD: 950127 AN: 770637570 Record 7 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1976-1978 TI: Genetic factors affecting the response of trees to mineral nutrients. AU: Mason-PA; Pelham-J; Cannell-MGR (ed.); Last-FT (ed.) AD: Inst. Terrestrial Ecol., Penicuik, Midlothian, UK. SO: Tree-physiology-and-yield-improvement --mineral-nutrition. 1976, 437-448; 19 ref. PB: Academic Press.; London; UK PY: 1976 LA: English AB: Different populations of Betula verrucosa and B. pubescens responded differently to added nutrients, some being noticeably tolerant of mineral deficiency. Studies on host-symbiont systems have indicated at least four factors that can be genetically controlled by either the host or the fungus: (1) mycorrhiza formation, (2) the extent of mycorrhizal development, (3) the pattern of mycorrhizal branching and (4) the shape and size of the host root system. Evidently, the performance of tree genotypes on given sites might be greatly improved by exploiting all the genetical factors controlling tree nutrition, in particular those that affect the mycorrhiza formation and the efficient use of nutrients in poor supply. DE: plant-nutrition; roots-; forest-trees; broadleaves- OD: Betula-; fungi- BT: trees; woody-plants; Spermatophyta; plants; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Betulaceae; Fagales CC: FF020; FF100; FF061; KK110 CD: Plant-Breeding-and-Genetics; Plant-Production; Plant-Nutrition; Silviculture PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950127 AN: 771648645 Record 8 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1979-1981 TI: The Central Scotland Woodlands Project - a plan for land use and landscape renewal. AU: Sheldon-JC AD: Dep. Phys. Planning, Lothian Regional Council, Edinburgh EH1 1TU, UK. SO: Arboricultural-Journal. 1980, 4: 1, 41-49; 1 pl.; 2 ref. PY: 1980 LA: English AB: An account of a project set up jointly between 3 regional councils, the Forestry Commission and the Department and Colleges of Agriculture for the rehabilitation of the 38 000-ha moorland and former industrial area S. of Falkirk. Since its establishment in 1978, it has encouraged planting of trees for timber, shelter and amenity through available grant-aid schemes, and has itself directed planting on sites owned by regional councils. Much of land ownership in the area is in small units (20-50 ha), making commercial forestry difficult. Larger parcels of derelict land are owned by the National Coal Board (with a total of 3320 ha) and others; most effort is being concentrated on such publicly owned land in the hope that the private sector will follow the example. DE: reclamation-; mined-land; afforestation-; marginal-land; moorland-; waste-land; industry-; mining-; reclaimed-land GE: Scotland-; UK- ID: Great-Britain,-Scotland BT: Great-Britain; UK; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK150; EE160; ZZ900; PP400; KK140 CD: Other-Land-Use; Land-Use-and-Valuation; Techniques-and-Methodology; Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Protection-Forestry PT: Journal-article IS: 0307-1375 UD: 950202 AN: 800666271 Record 9 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1979-1981 TI: Forest and woodland ecology. ITE Symposium No. 8. AU: Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) AD: ITE, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK. SO: 1981, 158 pp.; 12 pl. (8 col.); many ref. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English AB: An account of research done by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, UK. After a brief introduction, 33 papers are presented in 9 sections: ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT: Contributions on (a) soil, water and nutrient relations and (b) pollutants are noted in the ten following records. DE: research-; ecology-; forests- GE: Great-Britain; UK- ID: ecology,-forest-and-forestry,-general; ecology,-forest; research,-forest(ry) BT: UK; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; AA500; ZZ331 CD: Forestry-General; Research; Plant-Ecology PT: Conference-proceedings AV: pounds-sterling 5.00 IB: 0-904282-51-1 UD: 950202 AN: 810673273 Record 10 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1979-1981 TI: Spatial patterns of sporophore distribution around a young birch tree in three successive years. AU: Ford-ED; Mason-PA; Pelham-J AD: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH 26 0QB, UK. SO: Transactions-of-the-British-Mycological-Society. 1980, 75: 2, 287-296; 19 ref. PY: 1980 LA: English AB: Sporophores of three mycorrhizal fungi were found distributed around a young birch tree in the fifth, sixth and seventh years after planting in agricultural soil. The spatial patterns of distribution varied between both species and years. Sporophores of Lactarius pubescens increased in number, spread rapidly from close to the tree and were aggregated in increasingly tighter clumps. The number of sporophores and rate of spread from the tree of Hebeloma spp. declined and their aggregation into clumps became lax. The distribution of Laccaria laccata sporophores was comparatively static, moving outwards a small amount with numbers and clumping structure showing little net change. There were distinct arcs around the tree which were not occupied by sporophores of any species. Analysis of the association between species was complicated by clumping. Species tended to be negatively associated in the fifth season but subsequently overlapped much more than and there was no consistent evidence of spatial inhibition between them. A distinction is drawn between the fairy ring frequently reported for saprophytic fungi of grassland and that for tree mycorrhizal fungi. Some evidence is considered that sporophore distributions reflect the processes which affect the colonization of tree root systems by mycorrhizal fungi. DE: mycorrhizas-; mycorrhizal-fungi OD: Betula-; fungi-; Hebeloma-; Laccaria-laccata GE: UK- ID: birch; sporophore-distribution; Lactarius-pubescens; forming-mycorrhiza; ecological-aspects BT: fungi; Betulaceae; Fagales; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Agaricales; Basidiomycotina; Eumycota; Laccaria; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; JJ100; FF400; PP720 CD: Forestry-General; Soil-Biology; Mycorrhizas-and-Fungi-of-Economic-Importance-Symbiotic-Nitrogen-Fixation; Biological-Resources-Plant PT: Journal-article UD: 950202 AN: 811944929 Record 11 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1979-1981 TI: The reclamation of slate waste tips by tree planting (Techniques No. 23). AU: Sheldon-JC; Bradshaw-AD SO: Landscape-Design. 1976, No. 113, 31-33. PY: 1976 LA: English AB: New techniques for establishing tree species on slate waste are described. Much plant growth is prohibited by the physical characteristics of slate, although oak, birch, sycamore [Acer pseudoplatanus] and other deep rooting spp. can establish themselves. DE: plantations-; mined-land; afforestation-; reclamation-; land-types; broadleaves- OD: Quercus-robur; Betula-alba; Acer-pseudoplatanus GE: Great-Britain; UK- ID: slate-dumps BT: dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Quercus; Fagaceae; Fagales; Betula; Betulaceae; Acer; Aceraceae; Sapindales; UK; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK140; PP400; KK100; JJ800 CD: Protection-Forestry; Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Forestry-General; Soil-Water-Management PT: Journal-article CI: Bibliography Series, Departments of the Environment and Transport, 148R, 196. IS: 0020-2908 UD: 950220 AN: 790655754 Record 12 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1979-1981 TI: Influence of leaves on sporophore production by fungi forming sheathing mycorrhizas with Betula spp. AU: Last-FT; Pelham-J; Mason-PA; Ingleby-K AD: Inst. Terrest. Ecol., Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, UK. SO: Nature,-UK. 1979, 280: 5718, 168-169; 9 ref. PY: 1979 LA: English AB: The number of sporophores (mainly basidiomycetes) associated with 5-yr-old birch (B. pendula) grown near Edinburgh, UK (55 deg 22'N) was more than double for a S. England (50 deg 40'N) provenance than for one from Latvia (57 deg 20'N); for a provenance from Sweden (66 deg 30'N) the number was almost zero. Sporophore number was inversely related to the rate of foliar yellowing of the provenances. Aseptically propagated B. pendula and B. pubescens plants, 4-yr-old, were artificially defoliated with scissors on either (a) 25 July or (b) 22 Aug. 1978. Sporophore production virtually ceased immediately after defoliation: in (a) there was a fresh increase after a new flush of leaves in Aug. It is concluded that sporophore production by birch mycorrhizal fungi in the field is strongly dependent on green foliage. DE: mycorrhizas-; foliage-; phenology-; nutrition-physiology; oid to the tetraploid level. DE: leaves-; INTERSPECIFIC-HYBRIDIZATION; polyploidy-; foliage-; morphology-; plant-breeding; genetics-; variation-; cereals-; broadleaves-; shape- OD: Betula-; Betula-pendula; Betula-pubescens ID: OBD; gene-flow-in-populations; ploidal-effects; hybrids-and-hybridization BT: dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Betulaceae; Fagales; Betula CC: FF020; FF040; KK100; FF030 CD: Plant-Breeding-and-Genetics; Plant-Composition; Forestry-General; Plant-Morphology-and-Structure PT: Journal-article UD: 950220 AN: 801687105 Record 15 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1979-1981 TI: The restoration of vegetation on derelict land produced by industrial activity. AU: Bradshaw-AD; Humphries-RN; Johnson-MS; Roberts-RD AD: University of Liverpool, UK. SO: In The Breakdown and Restoration of Ecosystems. Proceedings, Conference, Rehabilitation of Severely Damaged Land and Freshwater Ecosystems in Temperate Zones, Reykjavik, Iceland, July 1976 (Holdgate, M.W.; Woodman, M.J., Editors). NATO-Conerence-Series,-1-Ecology. 1978, 3: 249-278; 14 ref. PB: Plenum Press.; New York; USA PY: 1978 LA: English AB: Immediate and complete restoration requires the original soil to be replaced and the original ecosystem re-established. The more usual rehabilitation of derelict land does not replace the top soil, but aims to restore soil fertility and structure, establish species and manage the ecosystem. Three examples are examined:- sand waste from kaolin mining in Cornwall, fluorpsar tailings in Derbyshire and limestone quarries in Derbyshire. The over-riding problem in all situations is to provide adequate nitrogen. With proper management even totally derelict land can be rapidly and completely rehabilitated. DE: reclamation-; land-types ID: devastated-land CC: PP400; JJ800 CD: Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Soil-Water-Management PT: Journal-article UD: 950220 AN: 791953097 Record 16 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1979-1981 TI: The nitrogen problem in derelict land reclamation with special reference to the British china clay industry. AU: Handley-JF; Dancer-WS; Sheldon-JC; Bradshaw-AD AD: Department of Botany, University of Liverpool, UK. SO: Environmental-Management-of-Mineral-Wastes-Goodman,-G.T.-and-Chadwick,-M.J.,-Editors. 1978, 215-235; NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series E, No.7; 40 ref. PB: Sijthoff & Noordhoff.; Alphen aan den Rijn; Netherlands PY: 1978 LA: English AB: Nitrogen is extremely deficient in china clay waste. The relative merits of two alternative strategies of supplying nitrogen are discussed: as a grass/legume sward or by frequently adding nitrogen fertilizer to a predominantly grass sward. Immobilisation of nitrogen fertilizer may conserve it against leaching but rates of mineralization are subsequently slow compared to 'legume-N'. DE: reclamation-; land-types; revegetation- GE: UK- ID: china-clay-spoil-heaps BT: British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: PP400; JJ800 CD: Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Soil-Water-Management PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950201 AN: 791947206 Record 17 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Some alternative approaches to the establishment of vegetation on mined land and on chemical waste materials. AU: Humphries-RN; Wali-MK (ed.) AD: Department of Applied Biology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, UK. SO: Ecology-and-coal-resource-development.-Volume-1. 1979, 461-475; 38 ref. PB: Pergamon Press Inc.; New York; USA PY: 1979 LA: English AB: Alternatives to the establishment of agricultural grasses and legumes are discussed. DE: reclamation-; land-types; mined-land; spoil-banks GE: UK- ID: Ecology-and-coal-resource-development BT: British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: PP400; JJ800 CD: Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Soil-Water-Management PT: Conference-paper UD: 950203 AN: 831978163 Record 18 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Nature of tree and woodland resources. AU: Parr-TW; Good-JEG; Munro-RC; Hooper-MD; Bunce-RGH (et-al); Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest and woodland ecology. ITE Symposium No. 8. 1981, 7-23. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English AB: Bunce, R.G.H. British woodlands in a European context. [16 ref.] A comparison of indicator species analyses of British, French and Belgian woodlands. Parr, T.W. Scottish deciduous woodlands: a cause for concern? Good, J.E.G.; Munro, R.C. Trees in town and country. [10 ref.] Describes a survey of amenity trees in the Lothian region of Scotland. Hooper, M.D. Hedgerows as a resource. [34 ref.] Discusses the use of hedgerows for shelter, timber and conservation. DE: amenity-value-of-forests GE: Great-Britain; UK- ID: forests-and-forestry; hedgerow-trees-and-timber BT: UK; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; KK140; KK600; KK150; KK160 CD: Forestry-General; Protection-Forestry; Agroforestry; Other-Land-Use; Arboriculture PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 810673274 Record 19 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Tree physiology and the influence of the physical environment. AU: Milne-R; Deans-JD; White-EJ (et-al); Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest and woodland ecology. ITE Symposium No. 8. 1981, 49-61. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English AB: White, E.J. Site factors influencing the growth of stands of Scots pine in Great Britain. [11 ref.] Milne, R. The role and use of water in Sitka spruce plantations. [12 ref.] Deans, J.D. Root growth and its relation to the water economy of a Sitka spruce plantation. [6 ref.] [see FA 39, 1037] DE: water-relations; roots-; growth-; increment-; plant-water-relations; conifers-; yields- OD: Picea-sitchensis; Pinus-sylvestris GE: UK- ID: site-requirements BT: Picea; Pinaceae; Coniferae; gymnosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Pinus; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; FF062 CD: Forestry-General; Plant-Water-Relations PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 810673276 Record 20 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Trees and their nutrition and effects on soils. AU: Helliwell-DR; Pelham-J; Mason-PA; Miles-J; Harrison-AF (et-al); Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest and woodland ecology. ITE Symposium No. 8. 1981, 75-88. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English AB: Harrison, A.F.; Helliwell, D.R. Growth of sycamore and birch in relation to soil chemical properties. [11 ref.] [See FA 39, 4551] Pelham, J.; Mason, P.A. Nutritional variants of birch. [5 ref.] With reference to mycorrhizal associations between Amanita muscaria and Betula pendula and B. pubescens. Mason, P.A. Toadstools and trees. [2 ref.] The succession of mycorrhizal fungi associated with B. pendula and B. pubescens has been identified as Hebeloma crustuliniforme, followed by Laccaria laccata, Lactarius pubescens and Inocybe spp., then other Hebeloma spp. and Leccinum spp. Miles, J. Effects of trees on soils. [40 ref.] With particular reference to B. pendula on sites in northern Britain. DE: mycorrhizas-; nutrition-; mycorrhizal-fungi; nutrition-physiology OD: Betula-pendula; Betula-pubescens; Acer-pseudoplatanus; Amanita-muscaria; Hebeloma-crustuliniforme; Laccaria-laccata; Hebeloma- GE: UK- ID: Lactarius-pubescens; Inocybe; Laccinum BT: fungi; Betula; Betulaceae; Fagales; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Acer; Aceraceae; Sapindales; Amanita; Agaricales; Basidiomycotina; Eumycota; Hebeloma; Laccaria; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; FF061; FF400 CD: Forestry-General; Plant-Nutrition; Mycorrhizas-and-Fungi-of-Economic-Importance-Symbiotic-Nitrogen-Fixation PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 810673278 Record 21 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Within-species variation and its genetical control. AU: Cannell-MGR; Cahalan-C; Wilson-J; Gardiner-AS (et-al-); Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest and woodland ecology. ITE Symposium No. 8. 1981, 89-100. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English AB: Gardiner, A.S. Betula pubescens - the affinities of types in the Scottish highlands with those of continental Europe: a study of leaf morphology or the application of morphometrics. [4 ref.] [See FA 41, 6161] Cannell, M.G.R.; Cahalan, C. Analysis of the variation within Sitka spruce, lodgepole pine and loblolly pine. [10 ref.] Wilson, J. Within-species variants of trees for planting derelict land. [10 ref.]. With particular reference to Betula and Alnus spp. DE: plantations-; marginal-land; foliage-; morphology-; variation-; afforestation-; genetics-; waste-land OD: Betula-; Betula-pubescens; Picea-sitchensis; Pinus-contorta; Pinus-taeda; Alnus- GE: UK- BT: Betulaceae; Fagales; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Betula; Picea; Pinaceae; Coniferae; gymnosperms; Pinus; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; FF020; KK140; PP400; FF030 CD: Forestry-General; Plant-Breeding-and-Genetics; Protection-Forestry; Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Plant-Morphology-and-Structure PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 810673279 Record 22 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Flowering and vegetative propagation. AU: Leakey-RRB; Longman-KA (et-al); Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest and woodland ecology. ITE Symposium No. 8. 1981, 101-109. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English AB: Longman, K.A. Possibilities of controlled reproduction in trees. [14 ref.] Flower formation in Pinus contorta and Betula pendula. Leakey, R.R.B. Physiological approaches to the conservation and improvement of Triplochiton scleroxylon - a West African timber tree. [15 ref.] By vegetative propagation and flower induction. DE: flowering-; induction-; VEGETATIVE-PROPAGATION OD: Triplochiton-scleroxylon; Betula-pendula; Pinus-contorta GE: UK- BT: Triplochiton; Sterculiaceae; Malvales; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Betula; Betulaceae; Fagales; Pinus; Pinaceae; Coniferae; gymnosperms; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; FF160; KK110; FF060 CD: Forestry-General; Plant-Propagation; Silviculture; Plant-Physiology-and-Biochemistry PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 810673280 Record 23 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Ecology of some fungi associated with an ageing stand of birches (Betula pendula and B. pubescens). AU: Mason-PA; Last-FT; Pelham-J; Ingleby-K AD: Inst. Terr. Ecol., Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UK. SO: Forest-Ecology-and-Management. 1982, 4: 1, 19-39; 41 ref. PY: 1982 LA: English AB: [See FA 41, 2495] During the first 6 yr after planting birch near Edinburgh, more than 99% of fungal fruitbodies were of species that form sheathing mycorrhizas with birch. Mean number of fruitbodies/tree increased from 0.4 to 28 to 170 in the 2nd, 4th and 6th years, respectively. Number of fungal species involved increased from one (Hebeloma crustuliniforme) in the 2nd year to 14 (B. pubescens) and 18 (B. pendula) in the 6th year, when Hebeloma spp. accounted for 79% of fruitbodies, Laccaria 'lactata' 15%, Inocybe lanuginella 5% and Lactarius pubescens 1%. Of the 6th year Hebeloma total, H. crustuliniforme, H. fragilipes, H. mesophaeum and H. sacchariolens accounted for 32, 33, 13 and 11%, respectively. Distribution patterns around trees are discussed. Production of fruitbodies was least around trees from northern provenances. DE: mycorrhizas-; mycorrhizal-fungi; broadleaves- OD: Betula-pubescens; Betula-pendula; Hebeloma-crustuliniforme; BETULA- GE: UK- ID: Laccaria-lactata; Hebeloma-fragilipes; Inocybe-lanuginella; Hebeloma-mesophaeum; Lactarius-pubescens; Hebeloma-sacchariolens; ecological-aspects; Great-Britain,-Scotland; birch; sporophore-distribution BT: fungi; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Betula; Betulaceae; Fagales; Hebeloma; Agaricales; Basidiomycotina; Eumycota; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; FF400 CD: Forestry-General; Mycorrhizas-and-Fungi-of-Economic-Importance-Symbiotic-Nitrogen-Fixation PT: Journal-article IS: 0378-1127 UD: 950203 AN: 820675601 Record 24 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Root growth and its relation to the water economy of a Sitka spruce plantation. AU: Deans-JD; Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest-and-woodland-ecology. 1981, 58-61; 6 ref. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English DE: soil-water-content; responses-; roots-; growth- OD: Picea-sitchensis BT: Picea; Pinaceae; Coniferae; gymnosperms; Spermatophyta; plants CC: KK100 CD: Forestry-General PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 821967429 Record 25 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Growth of sycamore and birch in relation to soil chemical properties. AU: Harrison-AF; Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest-and-woodland-ecology. 1981, 75-77; 11 ref. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English DE: responses- OD: Betula-pendula; Acer-pseudoplatanus ID: physicochemical-properties-of-soil BT: Betula; Betulaceae; Fagales; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Acer; Aceraceae; Sapindales CC: KK100 CD: Forestry-General PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 821967433 Record 26 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Nutritional variants of birch. AU: Pelham-J; Mason-PA; Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest-and-woodland-ecology. 1981, 78-81; 5 ref. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English DE: mycorrhizas-; mineral-nutrition; plant-nutrition OD: Betula- BT: Betulaceae; Fagales; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants CC: FF061; KK100 CD: Plant-Nutrition; Forestry-General PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 821967434 Record 27 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Effects of trees on soils. AU: Miles-J; Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest-and-woodland-ecology. 1981, 85-88; approx. 40 ref. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English DE: biological-activity-in-soil; plant-effects OD: Betula- ID: physicochemical-properties-of-soil BT: Betulaceae; Fagales; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants CC: KK100 CD: Forestry-General PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 821967435 Record 28 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1982-1983 TI: Within-species variants of trees for planting derelict land. AU: Wilson-J; Last-FT (ed.); Gardiner-AS (ed.) SO: Forest-and-woodland-ecology. 1981, 98-100; 10 ref. PB: Institute of Terrestrial Ecology.; Cambridge; UK PY: 1981 LA: English DE: reclamation-; land-types; derelict-land; afforestation- CC: KK100 CD: Forestry-General PT: Miscellaneous UD: 950203 AN: 821967436 Record 29 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1984-1986 TI: Vertical distribution and temperature relations of sheathing mycorrhizas of Betula spp. growing on coal spoil. AU: Ingleby-K; Last-FT; Mason-PA AD: ITE, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UK. SO: Forest-Ecology-and-Management. 1985, 12: 3-4, 279-285; 16 ref. PY: 1985 LA: English AB: A coal spoil heap, with a central area subject to after-burn, had been naturally colonized by Betula pubescens and B. pendula in Scotland. Fine roots were sampled to a depth of 30 cm at 7 locations on each of 2 transects. Results showed that 87% of the root pieces occurred in the top 20 cm of substrate. Irrespective of depth, 83% of the root pieces had sheathing mycorrhizas. Paxillus-type mycorrhizas decreased with depth and higher temperatures while those of a Scleroderma-type significantly increased. Total numbers of mycorrhizas were independent of substrate temperature. DE: Scleroderma-; mycorrhizas-; ecology-; Mined-land; soil-temperature; mine-spoil; forest-trees; broadleaves- OD: Paxillus-; Betula-pendula; Betula-pubescens; Betula- GE: UK- ID: spoil-heap-soils BT: trees; woody-plants; Spermatophyta; plants; dicotyledons; angiosperms; Boletales; Basidiomycotina; Eumycota; fungi; Betula; Betulaceae; Fagales; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; FF400; KK110; JJ100; JJ300; KK140; PP400; FF600 CD: Forestry-General; Mycorrhizas-and-Fungi-of-Economic-Importance-Symbiotic-Nitrogen-Fixation; Silviculture; Soil-Biology; Soil-Physics; Protection-Forestry; Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Pests,-Pathogens-and-Biogenic-Diseases-of-Plants PT: Journal-article IS: 0378-1127 UD: 950314 AN: 860607536 Record 30 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1984-1986 TI: Variation in, and reproductive capacity of Betula pendula and B. pubescens. AU: Pelham-J; Kinnaird-JW; Gardiner-AS; Last-FT; Henderson-DM (ed.); Mann-D (ed.) AD: ITE, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UK. SO: In Birches. A symposium held in Edinburgh, UK. 24-26 Sept. 1982 . Proceedings-of-the-Royal-Society-of-Edinburgh,-B-Biological-Sciences. 1984, 85: 1-2, 27-41; 64 ref. PY: 1984 LA: English AB: B. pendula can be distinguished from B. pubescens by chromosome number (28 and 56 respectively) and by a mixture of variable morphological characters (leaf hairiness, warty branches, bark roughness, pendulous habit, and leaf shape). Individuals of both species are mostly self-incompatible, female flowers maturing sooner than male flowers on the same tree. When both species are grown at 56øN, trees from seed collected at 50øN grew taller than those from 69øN; at 69øN, the northerly collections were more vigorous. In B. pubescens, onset of growth varied with origin: seedlings from 56øN commenced at 14-h daylength, 63øN at 16-h and 70øN at 20-h; northerly collections ceased growth at temp. below 9øC whereas southerly collections continued to grow. DE: reproductive-behaviour; variation-; phenology-; broadleaves- OD: Betula-; Betula-pubescens; Betula-pendula BT: dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Betulaceae; Fagales; Betula CC: KK100 CD: Forestry-General PT: Conference-paper; Journal-article UD: 950314 AN: 850605329 Record 31 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1984-1986 TI: The effect of water stress on the mortality of Betula pendula Roth. and Buddleia davidii Franch. seedlings. AU: Humphries-RN; Jordan-MA; Guarino-L AD: Dep. Appl. Biol., Univ. Cambridge, CB2 3DX, UK. SO: Plant-and-Soil. 1982, 64: 2, 273-276; 6 ref. PY: 1982 LA: English AB: A simple container is described for growing seedlings at controlled water stress. Mortality increased at potentials below -1.6 bar for B. pendula and below -2.8 bar for B. davidii. Both species are of interest as natural colonizers and for revegetation of sand and chalk pits in the UK. DE: plant-water-relations; water-stress; Mined-land; broadleaves- OD: Betula-pendula; Betula- GE: UK- ID: Buddleia-davidii; Buddleia BT: dicotyledons; angiosperms; Spermatophyta; plants; Betula; Betulaceae; Fagales; British-Isles; Western-Europe; Europe CC: KK100; FF062; KK140; PP400 CD: Forestry-General; Plant-Water-Relations; Protection-Forestry; Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation PT: Journal-article IS: 0032-079X UD: 950314 AN: 840695255 Record 32 of 32 - CAB Abstracts 1984-1986 TI: The creation of woody landscapes on roadsides by seeding - a comparison of past approaches in West Germany and the United Kingdom. AU: Luke-AGR; Harvey-HJ; Humphries-RN AD: Department of Applied Biology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3DX, UK. SO: Reclamation-and-Revegetation-Research. 1982, 1: 3, 243-253; ., 4 fig., 3 tab.; 11 ref. PY: 1982 LA: English AB: The potential value of the seeding of trees and shrubs as a means of establishing woody vegetation on roadsides is discussed and a comparison is made between the development of the technique in the United Kingdom and in the Federal Republic of Germany. The specifications for seeding adopted in the two countries are contrasted. The reasons for the greater success of the technique in the Federal Republic of Germany, and hence its greater use, are discussed. The need for the better recording of future seeding schemes is stressed. DE: Reclamation-; soil-types; roadside-soils; trees-; Direct-sowing; Roadside-plantations GE: German-Federal-Republic; UK-; Germany- BT: woody-plants; Spermatophyta; plants; Western-Europe; Europe; British-Isles CC: JJ400; KK100; PP400; JJ800; KK140; KK150; UU670 CD: Soil-Morphology,-Formation-and-Classification; Forestry-General; Erosion-Soil-and-Water-Conservation; Soil-Water-Management; Protection-Forestry; Other-Land-Use; Gardening,-Landscaping-and-Landscapes PT: Journal-article UD: 950314 AN: 841988120